Management is the art of getting things carried out by individuals in officially organized groups. According to McFarland, “Management is defined for conceptual, theoretical and analytical uses as that procedure whereby managers create, direct, preserve, and operate organisation by means of organized, coordinated co-operative human effort.”
Features of Management
The attributes of management are listed below:
1. Organized Activities: Management is a process of organised activities. If you don’t have organised activities, two teams of people can’t be engaged in the performance of activities. Whenever a group of people are involved in working towards a common goal, management comes into existence. The organised activities normally takes various forms which range from a closely structured organisation to a loosely knit organisation. Having said that, all organisations have one common thing; through the coordinated initiatives of persons, this is accomplished by management process. As a result, where one employee chases his personal goals, management doesn’t have operational meaning. Having said that, when an effort is made to channel the individual’s pursuit for personal goals of the group, management becomes the means by which the haphazard action is taken care of.
2. Presence of Objectives: A goal or set of objectives need to exist towards which the team actions are focused. Without goals and objectives, it will become challenging to determine the direction where team activities might lead. The presence of objectives is really a fundamental criterion of each and every organisation for the reason that all companies are deliberate and purposive creation and, thus, they need to have some targets. The people in the group or the business agree upon the goals. The organisational objectives are the preferred state of affairs, which a company tries to realize. This realization of desired goals is sought via the synchronized efforts of employees.
3. Connection between Resources: Organized actions intended to attain common objectives are to to establish certain relationships among the available resources. Resources consist of money, machine, materials, and people. Almost all these resources are made accessible to people who manage; these people utilize understanding, experience, and concepts for getting the specified outcomes. Hence, the essence of management is integration of several organisational resources. Nevertheless, since individuals at operative level carry out the things by the use of various physical and other resources, it really is essential for the management to manage integration of human resources. So, management is bothered with the correct utilization of human resources that, subsequently, make use of other resources.
4. Working together with and Through People: Management involves using the services of people and getting organisational goals achieved through them. The concept of working through people is interpreted with regards to assigning activities to subordinates. The superior-subordinate relationships are created due to organised actions. Through the process of assignment and reassignment of activities, individuals at the operative level carry out the actual work, which is the lowest level in an enterprise. Therefore, a significant percentage of management principles pertains to how men and women can be used for better efforts in the company.
5. Decision making: Management requires decision-making at different levels for getting things performed by others. Decision-making consists of selecting the best alternative from the several. When there is only one option, the question of decision making doesn’t arise. The standard of alternative, that your manager chooses, establishes the organisation’s overall performance, and also the life of the organisation depends on the degree to which the correct decisions are made by managers. For that reason, the failure or success of managers can be assessed by the quality of decisions that they can make.
There are many features of management process. Typically these are classified as planning, organizing staffing, directing and controlling. The coordinated performance of these results in the realization of organisational goals.