Public Sector Enterprise often referred to as state sector, government owned undertakings/enterprises or state-owned enterprises. These are formed under the legal proceedings, wholly or partly owned and controlled by the government and produce marketable goods and services, have an explicit or extractable budget, and are supposed to finance their operating costs from their own resources. …
Public enterprises (PEs) were widely established in industrial countries between the 1930s and 1950s and rapidly expanded among developing countries in the 1960s and 1970s. This paper conducts a literature review in relation to the three main arguments and sets up a theoretical perspective for the analysis in transition. This paper is arranged as follows: …
Parents, teachers, and administrators share widespread dissatisfaction with public school education. Many place the blame for poor education on a lack of parental involvement, insufficient funds, poor teacher preparation, and so on. Few have focused on a major contributing factor to this failure: unionized teachers and collective bargaining. The collective bargaining process both at and …
Collective bargaining is process of joint decision making and basically represents a democratic way of life in industry. It is the process of negotiation between firm’s and workers’ representatives for the purpose of establishing mutually agreeable conditions of employment. It is a technique adopted by two parties to reach an understanding acceptable to both through …
Traditionally, trade unions in the Caribbean, in negotiating wages and conditions of employment for their members, have resorted to the confrontational approach to settle outstanding issues. In the early days of trade unionism, this approach was extremely successful and was effectively used. It can be said that employers were cognizant of the close relationship that …
Collective bargaining is a type of negotiation used by employees to work with their employers. During a collective bargaining period, workers’ representatives approach the employer and attempt to negotiate a contract which both sides can agree with. Typical issues covered in a labor contract are hours, wages, benefits, working conditions, and the rules of the …
Culture change is difficult and time consuming because “culture” is rooted in the collective history of an organization, and because so much of it is below the surface of awareness. In general, the process of culture change must include the following steps: Uncover core values and beliefs Acknowledge, respect, and discuss differences between core values …
Culture is a deep rooted phenomenon in social systems. Culture and social environment distinguish human beings from other species (Skinner 1978)[1]. Culture in anthropology refers to socially transmitted patterns for behavior of a particular social group. Goldenough (in Kessing 1981) says that culture has been used to refer to the “regularly recurring pattern of life …
There is more than one type of organizational culture in the corporate world. This doesn’t mean strong versus weak, although those are certainly two general categories for organisational culture. While different theorists and different companies even might have differing opinions on the types of organizational cultures out there, there is a general consensus on four …
The definition of culture is imparting a flavor of the concept. More formal definitions of culture focus upon the ideologies, norms and customs, shared values and beliefs, which characterized an organization. Many people explain a variety of phenomena and such as each one tend to adopt a slightly different perspective; therefore, there is no universally …