Middle Leaders: Middle management’s role in the public sector

Problem: Leadership studies have mostly concerned top management. However, as many researchers suggest, middle management has a great impact on the success of an organization, especially in change when they need to take on the role as a leader. Successful leaders motivate employees, and within the public sector they need to use non-financial means. In …

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Sustainable Mining? Applying the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development to Mining Projects

Precious and base metal mining projects can serve as a stepping-stone in moving the mining industry towards achieving compliance with a scientific-principled definition of global socio-ecological sustainability. Using the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development to assess the current reality of mine project development has resulted in identifying gaps between current best practices and a desired …

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The Store – The Physical Place of Branding

The market of consumer goods has become saturated and in the superfluous range of goods it is necessary to be able to differentiate your products from the competitors’. To facilitate this, many products and services are attributed with additional qualities, such as feelings, status and personality traits. These attributes are included in the abstract concept …

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Pricing of liquidity: Study of the Stockholm Stock Exchange 1901-1919

This paper studies the importance of liquidity in determining security returns. The study is conducted on the Stockholm Stock Exchange, 1901-1919, a market which at the time suffered from low market turnover. We find out-of-sample effects that liquidity levels are significant determinants of returns. Securities with lower liquidity levels earn, on average, higher returns than …

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Tax Treaties and EC Law: Development, Problems and Solutions

Introduction : One of the major problems faced in international taxation is that of double taxation. Double taxation arises when the same asset, financial transaction or income is taxed twice or more due to different states’ overlapping tax jurisdictions and conflicting tax laws. A prime example is a taxpayer who lives in one state but …

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Work Environment Stressors – The link between employees’ well-being and job performance?

Background: Employees are the human capital which contributes to the success and development of a company to a great extent. Thus, these days, companies do not see them only as factors of production from the classical perspective, but have started to value them as stakeholders and partners with whom long-term goals are achieved together.Problem Discussion …

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Survival mixture models for credit risk analysis

One shortcoming in the existing models for credit scoring is the assumption that all borrowers are at-risk, i.e. they must default in the long run. With this assumption, the models’ performance gets skewed in the sense that the probability of default for “good” borrowers is overestimated. To overcome this problem, the long-term survival mixture model …

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