Management Articles

This portal provides easy-to-access, clutter-free, comprehensive resources (management articles, ebooks, case studies, research papers, notes, tips, etc.) regardingManagement Human Resources (HRM, HR) Operations Management Financial Management Marketing Management Strategic Management Total Quality Management (TQM) International Business Managerial Economics Organizational Behaviour Economics and much more....

Relevance Marketing

Dramatic growth in direct marketing, an industry that now accounts for more than 50 percent of all advertising expenditures, offers measurability that is unparalleled in the marketing world. Direct marketing offers tremendous flexibility to market across multiple channels in concert, thereby maximizing the effectiveness of each single medium. Because direct marketing allows organizations to leverage …

Read more

Marketing Mix

Your marketing mix is the combination of promotions, products, places (distribution channels), and prices you choose for products, services, and the overall business. It is important to strike a balance between those four “Ps”. By including both short- and long-term marketing strategies of each, you can create an even more profitable marketing mix. This article …

Read more

Marketing Mix, The 4-P Recipe, Library Marketing Mix Example

This article discusses the marketing mix strategy within the library environment. The marketing mix is, summarily, the product (dresses or children’s books), price of same, places of distribution, and related promotional messages. The strategy is how these four work together to deliver optimal customer satisfaction. The product can be a good, service, idea, place, or …

Read more

Optimal Marketing Mix, Optimizing the Marketing Mix, Case Study

Today’s corporate leaders must direct their companies through an increasingly complex and risky business climate. Critical decisions often must be made very quickly and with incomplete information. The determination of pricing strategies, capital budgeting, sales force distribution, and marketing activity levels all fall within this paradigm. To complicate the decision-maker’s problem, budget constraints and manpower …

Read more

Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning, STP Strategies

In today’s marketing world, segmentation is often treated as old hat. And it’s no wonder. With so many misconceptions and segmentation failures, marketing professionals are left with little more than survey statistics, textbook rhetoric, and wasted market research dollars. But all hope is not lost. Building segmentation that works requires a new approach to an …

Read more

Market Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning, STP Steps

Market segmentation, targeting and positioning strategies enable an organization to gain competitive advantage in the market. Market segmentation involves dividing the entire market into groups containing identifiable consumers who seek similar benefits from a product. Next comes the task of targeting and product differentiation. In this, marketers must decide on the marketing mix to be …

Read more

PLC, Pricing Over The Product Life Cycle, An Empirical Analysis

This paper explores the extent to which goods follow systematic pricing patterns over their life cycle. The theoretical literature, and anecdotal evidence, suggests that new products are often introduced at high prices which decline as the good ages while, older goods exit the market at a discount. We outline and apply a smoothing-spline approach to …

Read more

Influence of Reference Groups on Consumer Decision Making

A reference group is defined as “an actual or imaginary individual or group conceived of having significant relevance upon an individual’s evaluations, aspirations, or behavior” (Park and Lessig, 1977). Bearden and Etzel (1982) define a reference group as a person or group of persons that significantly influence the behavior of an individual, and argue that …

Read more

Consumer Decision Making Process, Consumer Behaviour

Consumer decision making has several steps. This presentation discusses about consumer behaviour, the steps of consumer decision making (Problem Recognition, Information Search, Evaluation of Alternatives, Purchase, Post-purchase Behaviour), importance of consumer behaviour to marketers, types of consumer buyong decisions like Routine Response Behaviour, Limited Decision Making. The presentation also provides information about the Factors Affecting …

Read more